Definitions

yup: in the context of web-map-tiles yup means “y-up”; z/x/y tile servers serve tiles with y-down coordinates, while mbtiles and geopackage files store tiles as y-up. Converting between y and yup is done by yup = 2^z - y - 1 where z is the zoom level. Converting in a sqlite database can be done like this:

SELECT zoom_level AS z,
       tile_column AS x,
       (2^zoom_level - tile_row - 1) AS y, 
       tile_row AS yup,
FROM tiles;

zoom-level: Map zoom level 0 - 30

tile: A tile is a square image of a specific zoom level, typically 256x256 pixels. Tiles are used to display map data at different zoom levels.

zbox: Utiles name for a tile-bounding-box at a zoom level - defines zoom, min-x, min-y, max-x, max-y for querying tiles

tilejson: A JSON object that describes a tile set, including its name, description, and the URL template for accessing tiles. TileJSON is used to provide metadata about a tile set.

textiles: utiles name for an ndjson/jsonl file containing tiles as arrays or objects (e.g. [x, y, z] or {x: x, y: y, z: z})